[1] Nasal delivery of an IgM offers broad protection from SARS-CoV-2 variants. Ann. Researchers are developing coronavirus vaccines that will be sprayed up the nose. Our study population was characterized by an initial mean viral load of log10 6.851.31cp/mL, which was higher than more recently reported SARS-CoV-2 viral load values26. Kalle Saksela, MD, PhD, virologist, University of Helsinki, Nature Communications: Intranasal trimeric sherpabody inhibits SARS-CoV-2 including recent immunoevasive Omicron subvariants.. 147, 400401. BR, SMS, HS, CA, NW, SA, and RM are employees of ClinCompetence Cologne, the CRO which organized this trial. was the deputy investigator. Patients were visited and tested at home on regular basis by the investigators, physicians specialised in otorhinolaryngology, medical hygiene, or general medicine. Absolute changes of total symptom scores from baseline (day 1) until day 11 of treatment (ITT analysis set). Vitiello, A., Ferrara, F., Troiano, V. & La Porta, R. COVID-19 vaccines and decreased transmission of SARS-CoV-2. The current study demonstrated a gradual decrease of patients symptoms and improvements of quality of life. We acknowledge support for the Article Processing Charge from the DFG (German Research Foundation, 491454339). Dis. With the changing epidemiology of COVID-19 and its impact on our daily lives, there is still an unmet need of COVID-19 therapies treating early infections to prevent progression. Hamasaki, Y. et al. Commun. Following sampling, swabs were placed into 3mL Virus Transport Medium (VTM, Biocomma) and delivered to the laboratory as quickly as possible. The efficacy of the treatment was judged as good or very good by 75.0% (0.1% azelastine treatment), 74.1% (0.02% azelastine treatment) and 50.0% (placebo treatment) of patients. Chavda, V. P., Baviskar, K. P., Vaghela, D. A., Raut, S. S. & Bedse, A. P. (2023) Nasal sprays for treating COVID-19: A scientific note. Since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, its treatment via the nasal route has been studied for a range of drugs17. Trials under way to see if Boots nasal spray can prevent Covid-19 At the end of the study (day 60), all except one single patient (placebo group) showed a score of 0. The active substance (azelastine hydrochloride) is a histamine-1 receptor antagonist, which shows anti-inflammatory effects via mast cell stabilization and inhibition of leukotriene and pro-inflammatory cytokine production2,3,4. The 0.02% azelastine group showed an AUC value of 22.6412.56, which was not significantly different from the placebo group (p=0.022, Fig. A study of frontline workers is looking into how a Boots nasal spray could prevent Covid-19. The antiviral also could offer an alternative to people who cannot or do not respond to a vaccine. Quack cure or Covid hope? Six science-backed foods that fight Covid The Ct<25 group consisted of 19 patients in the 0.1% azelastine group, 21 patients in the 0.02% azelastine group and of 17 patients in the placebo group (Fig. These latch onto ACE2 receptors on human cells, allowing the virus to enter and infect the cells. Article While PCR results in the placebo group turned negative only on day 11 of treatment, individual patients of the 0.1% azelastine group already showed negative PCR test results from day 2 on. Correspondence to Marc, A. et al. Nature 602, 676681. Nitric Oxide Nasal Spray (NONS) as Prevention for Treatment of The median/mean viral load value (ORF 1a/b gene) of the ITT analysis set at enrolment was log10 7.23/6.851.31 cp/mL (approximately 7 million viral copies per mL, the highest values being~540 million cp/mL). These agents essentially trick the virus by changing the structure of the outside of cells, so they look like a virus has already fused to them. This observational study (HUN-VE: Hungarian Vaccine Effectiveness) estimated vaccine effectiveness against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19-related mortality in 3.7 million . https://doi.org/10.6026/97320630016236 (2020). A., Dion, S. P., Buchholz, D. W., Imbiakha, B., Olmstead, A. D., Jager, M., Dsilets, A., Gao, G., Martins, M., Vandal, T., Thompson, C. A. H., Chin, A., Rees, W. D., Steiner, T., Nabi, I. R., Marsault, E., Sahler, J., Diel, D. G., . Infect. The researchers first tried one dose a day for seven days, starting a day before SARS-CoV-2 infection. This same site is shared among many variants of the COVID virus, so it could be effective against future variants as well, researchers note. URSAPHARM Arzneimittel GmbH, Saarbruecken, Germany is the sponsor of the clinical trial. E.N., V.S., G.N., R.K., A.B., M.F. Nasal vaccines for COVID-19 offer hope and face hurdles - Science News HG, MS, and FK declare no conflict of interest. When treated with N-0385, 70% of the mice survived and had little to no lung damage. Investigators and trial participants were masked to the treatment as investigational medicinal products were identical in appearance. Now, researchers at Swansea University will test it against Covid-19. Lancet Infect. Nature 605, 340348 (2022). Clinical efficacy of nitric oxide nasal spray (NONS) for the treatment of mild COVID-19 infection. Med. In addition, intervals between swab sampling were short and the overall number of performed PCR tests was high to allow a very close determination of the viral clearance. Early intervention with azelastine nasal sprays reduces viral load in SARS-CoV-2 infected patients. Overall, the current results are encouraging; however, further studies should be carried out to strengthen the findings, and treatment should be extended to other age and risk groups and cover individuals with different levels of symptom severity. Interestingly, significantly greater decrease in viral load was shown on day 4 of treatment in patients with high viral burden (Ct<25) treated with 0.1% azelastine compared to placebo, indicating that azelastine treatment may be advantageous for this patient population, particularly at an early timepoint of infection. For data analysis, negative PCR results were replaced with the Ct value 45 and the cp/mL value 1, respectively. Objectives: The Hungarian vaccination campaign was conducted with five different vaccines during the third wave of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in 2021. Ghahremanpour, M. M. et al. PDF Effect of nasal carriage of Bacillus species on COVID-19 severity: A https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.05.009 (2021). All this made her work personal: for the past decade, Moscona, a molecular virologist, had been hunting for compounds that could stop viruses in their tracks, before the pathogens infect even a single cell in a persons body. Of those, 27 patients belonged to the 0.1% azelastine group, 28 patients to the 0.02% azelastine group and 26 patients to the placebo group (Fig. The sprays would be fast-acting and would be applied frequently, perhaps once or. All authors contributed to the preparation of the manuscript, read and approved the manuscript. 5) Of note, these differences were not statistically significant (p=0.112). The patient status was assessed at V1V7 and at V9 by the investigators with a 11-category ordinal score proposed by the WHO11. Since azelastine has been shown to inhibit viral replication by 99.9% in Vero E6 cell culture and in reconstituted human nasal tissue cultures, it was assumed that a reduction of 3-log in virus load would be seen within 3days in actively treated patients, while no effect on virus load reduction would be seen in placebo treated patients. Marshall, J. C. A minimal common outcome measure set for COVID-19 clinical research. Rep. 12, 899. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-04573-1 (2022). Assignment of the treatment with the investigational medicinal product in the different doses vs. placebo to each treatment number was performed in a centrally conducted, computer-generated 1:1:1 randomization procedure. SARS-CoV-2 viral load predicts COVID-19 mortality. Of note, we cannot rule out the possibility that the placebo (nasal spray buffer) contributed to viral clearance. For hygiene reasons, it is preferable not to share the same nasal spray with other people. Importantly, the AUC analysis depicting the viral load decrease based on the detection of the ORF 1a/b gene over the 11-day treatment period showed a significantly greater reduction of virus load in the 0.1% azelastine group compared to placebo. One misinformed. Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter what matters in science, free to your inbox daily. Klussmann, J.P., Grosheva, M., Meiser, P. et al. Article It also appears to work as a treatment if used within 4 hours after infection inside the nose, new research reveals., Known as TriSb92(brand name Covidin, from drugmaker Pandemblock Oy in Finland), the viral inhibitoralso appears effective against all coronavirus variants of concern, neutralizing even the Omicron variants BA.5, XBB, and BQ.1.1 in laboratory and mice studies., Unlike a COVID vaccine that boosts a persons immune system as protection, the antiviral nasal spray works more directly by blocking the virus, acting as a "biological mask in the nasal cavity," according to the biotechnology company set up to develop the treatment.. When treated with N-0385, 70% of the mice survived and had little to no lung damage. Now, researchers at Swansea University will test it against Covid-19 Now, researchers at Swansea University. also provided experimental evidence for the inhibition of the enzyme in a kinetic activity assay7. One of these smaller antibodies is being developedfrom llamas for example; another comes fromexperiments with yeast to develop synthetic nanobodies; and in a third case, researchers isolated nanobodiesfrom llamas and from mice and showed they could neutralize the SARS-CoV-2 virus. reported that a low pH hypromellose nasal powder spray containing common components of nasal sprays could reduce SARS-CoV-2 infection rates19. 19(10), 16. Symptoms were analyzed as single symptom scores, and as the total symptom score (TSS) reflecting the sum of all 20 single symptoms and presence/absence of fever (reaching a minimum value of 20 and maximum value of 103). Study finds nasal spray could aid battle against COVID
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